How Organisations can Utilise the Talent Pipeline Essay

How Organisations can Utilise the Talent Pipeline - Essay Example The paper will also focus on how the concept of best practice can contribute to talent management. In order for the organisation to utilise the talent pipeline to be a super achiever, factors such as acquisition, utilisation, development and reward of talent have to be taken into consideration. The first step that should be taken by the organisation is to attempt to streamline its recruitment efforts so that they are geared towards attracting the best talent in order for it to operate viably. Pfeffer (1989, p.65) suggests that companies which are concerned about their competitiveness as well as making profits through people ought to â€Å"expend the effort needed to ensure that they recruit the right people in the first place.† In this regard, there is need to create a super ‘fit’ whereby candidates with qualities that meet the expected role standards are recruited in the organisation. Talent is identified during the recruitment exercise and it is my strong convic tion that the right person is selected to fill the post within the organisation. Such a move can motivate me to join a particular organisation given that I will be aware of the fact that I possess the right skills and talent to execute the tasks that will be assigned to me. Factors to consider when recruiting employees There are many factors that can be considered when determining the right person to fill the post available in the organisation. According to Baron & Kreps (1999), candidates who display greater talent and knowledge of the of the job ought to be given preference as these can be continually developed to meet the changing expectations of the organisation. This is supposed to be the first stage in recruitment and ultimately retention of talented employees given that the employers are given the opportunity to assess the candidates at face value if they are capable of meeting the demands of the job as well as to establish if they possess interests for that particular job. T his stage heralds a complex process that is concerned with choosing the right candidates for the organisation. It is easier to retain a talented employee than the one who is not as going to be illustrated below. Retention of employees Employers can utilise the talent of the employees through implementing various measures. According to Pfeffer (1998), there is need for the organisation to take into consideration the needs of the employees so that they can put optimum performance in their operations. I am also of the idea that if the employee is treated as a valuable asset to the organisation, he is likely to utilise his talents for the betterment of the organisation in the execution of his expected duties. The employee should be given the opportunity to display his prowess in that particular task assigned to him. The employers must also be accommodative to the ideas that may be suggested by the employee such that his talent can be fully utilised for the benefit of the organisation as a whole. Development of employees Acquisition of talented employees is not an end in itself given that there is need to constantly develop these employees so that they remain competent in their operations. According to Schultz et al (2003), organisations operate in a dynamic environment that is constantly changing and in order for them to remain viable, they need to adopt change. On the other hand, the employee

Hippie Culture Essay Example for Free

Hippie Culture Essay Few social movements marked the twentieth century in the United States as the protest movement of the 1960s. However, despite the scope and scale of such a wide movement that encapsulated so many different peoples and causes, including voting rights, women’s rights, civil rights, and ending the war in Vietnam, the movement is better known by a stereotype of the type of people that seemed so instrumental in perpetuating the movement: hippies. Though the great majority of those in the protest movement were not hippies, the movies, music, and cultural events that marked the times were dominated by hippie culture, and few events represented this fact as the stereotype-reinforcing Woodstock Music Festival. By the time Woodstock happened in 1969, the hippie movement was already something that had been growing the entire decade and most people who were not hippies had a good idea what a hippie was. If one would have to describe a hippie then, it could be said to be a young man or woman that was dirty, hairy, unemployed, and on drugs. While these are only a few attributes ascribed to a few hippies, the stereotypes became so strong that they were hard to remove from the other significant contributions they made, including in music, art, culture, and social awareness. So, while hippies were far more complex than most people chose to see them, they were pigeonholed to the stereotype of spoiled middle-class kids with too much time and freedom, and who refused to do their patriotic duties as their mothers and fathers had done before them, most specifically by starting families and fighting in the country’s wars. However, the decade leading up to Woodstock only helped reinforce many of these stereotypes. Hippie culture could have been said to begin the words and ideas of the Beat writers such as Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, and others. These writers laid the foundation for the rebellious, anti-establishment ideals that would come to be so strongly embraced by the hippie culture during the 1960s. However, it would be Bob Dylan, who was strongly influenced by the Beats, who would use their ideas in his folk music. Dylan’s popularity not only made folk music popular, but his songwriting also tackled many of the issues of the time, including war, civil rights, and the basic questions of whether America was heading in the right direction, and if not, why. Dylan’s music influenced the songwriting of almost every major recording artist that came after him, or at least any that achieved any amount of success. Through Dylan and those he influenced, music became the first defining characteristic of hippie culture, showing a long history of music defining cultural movements and times through its almost religious effect on those that listen to it. Religious forces, like art, music, and everything that inspires classification as sacred, Emile Durkheim (1965) writes: â€Å"do not translate the manner in which physical things affect our senses, but the way in which the collective consciousness acts upon individual consciousnesses† (1965, p. 254). Music has the ability to act as a symbol of this collective consciousness, bringing the masses together to celebrate a shared philosophy or perspective. While many contend that art and music is nothing more than an escape from the everyday anxieties that life offers up, it is far more than that. Similar to the sacred in religion, which Durkheim asserts is not rooted in fear as humanist and existentialist theorists claim, but in the idealism of the collective mentality, music becomes sacred when presented in a way that appeals to the individual and the collective. Music and those who perform it act in ways similar to religious totems, representing the ideals of the collective and how they inhabit the individual, and take their roots in exhalation and celebration. According to Durkheim, â€Å"In fine, the sentiments at the root of totemism are those of happy confidence rather than terror and compression† (1965, p. 56). Music became the inspiration for hippie culture and gave them the confidence to fight back against ideals they saw as wrong, including the Vietnam War. There was no better representation of this than Woodstock. The Woodstock Music Art Festival that took place on a farm near Woodstock, New York, August 15 through August 18, 1969 not only assembled some of the greatest rock, pop, and folk musicians of the day, but also had a half million enthusiastic young and old fans celebrating life and music in a concert that changed the way the younger generation was viewed. After Woodstock, the burgeoning counter culture exploded into the mainstream, as the entire United States realized that the hippie culture was a force that could not be ignored, and its icons such as The Who, Crosby, Stills, and Nash, and Jimi Hendrix reinforced many of the stereotypes of long hair, reckless behavior, and sexuality. Woodstock would become a legendary orgy of drug use, sexual intercourse, nudity, and mud, but also of peace, love, and a general togetherness that also characterized hippie culture. Another popular stereotype was the hippie general disregard for all authority, and Woodstock was no different. Over one-hundred thousand tickets had been sold to the event, but soon fans were crashing over fences and simply began streaming in to see the show (Woodstock. com, 2009). However, there were very few incidents of violence and the festival went on to become one of the iconic points in the culture of the 1960s. It also marked the beginning of the end of hippie culture. Woodstock was the last hurrah for a generation of young men and women that did their best to rebel against the previous generations and create their own persona. Unfortunately, stereotypes were rich and long concerning hippie culture, and Woodstock did well to encourage both the good and bad stereotypes. They displayed their amazing music and free-loving culture, but also their drug abuse and contentment with filth. By the time the 1970s began, hippie culture was all but dead, even though many of the hippies continued to live on. Today, hippies are seen as largely a joke and very superficial, which may speak of their ultimate failure to live up to their own ideals. The country is still largely conservative in many regards, still refuses many of the ideals of peace and love that the hippies inspired, and is still at war with foreign countries. Hippies are now seen in modern form as environmentalists, annoying activists for un-American or unethical causes, potheads or vegetarians. Hippies are no longer seen as a viable threat to the conservative ideals of the United States, and have in essence become all style and no substance. While stereotypes helped perpetuate the romantic notion of the idealistic hippie, they just as equally helped destroy a notion that never really existed in the first place.

Interpretation of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri

Interpretation of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri The process of analysis for this English Extended Essay on Interpretation of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri was definitely a journey where in I discovered and learnt a lot. When I was assigned this project, initially I was a little apprehensive about how to execute this extended essay. My teacher gave me a good briefing about the entire process which I had to follow for the execution of this analysis. I began by reading the novel in its entirety several times. Every time I read the different stories in this novel, it was like going on a new literary journey altogether. The realistic presentation of the characters by the author brought in life to them and at a point I no longer felt that I was a mere reader but transcended into the stories with the characters and played a mute spectator. Post having sufficient understanding of each story, I made note of the thematic aspects of each story, the stage setting and how this helped in portrayal of the mindset of each characters. I employed literary analytical aspects of thematic analysis, language analysis, stage setting analysis to give an in-depth analysis of the novel Interpretation of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri. In the concluding part of this extended essay, I wound up by indicating the effect of the stories on the readers and why the readers could relate to each character as this is an important aspect of story narration and effective engagement of the reader. Introduction: The Interpreter of Maladies reflects the trauma of self-transformation through immigration which ends up being an attempt in futility as resultantly there is a series of broken identities that form multiple anchorages. Lahiris stories present the futile diasporic struggle to keep hold of culture as primary characters that of her stories create new lives in foreign cultures. Relationships, language, rituals, and religion all help these characters maintain their culture in new surroundings even as they build a hybrid realization as Asian Americans. But the lack of harmony and happiness ultimately makes the attempt a futile experience. Interpretation of Maladies brings to the forefront many complex issues with identity confronted by the Diaspora community. The book has the tales and experiences of first and second generation immigrants who are Indians, as well as a few tales comprising involving ideas of otherness among Indian communities. The stories focus around the complexities of several relationships, communication and a feeling of a loss of identity for individuals in diaspora. Despite where the tale takes place, the major players struggle with the similar feelings of exile and the struggle between the dual worlds by which they feel torn apart. The stories essentially deal with the always shifting lines between gender, sexuality, and social status within a diaspora. Whether the player in the tale is a homeless woman belonging to India or an Indian male pupil in the United States, all the characters show the effects of displacement in a diaspora. The characters in her stories dwell with a sense of dissatisfaction on account of their personal lives and experiences. The settings, narration, the mindsets of the characters and the interaction characters have with each other assist the readers in comprehending their plight and the futility of the situation. Findings and Analysis: Interpreter of Maladies: Jhumpas thematic presentation of futility in the Interpreter of Maladies is somewhat subtle yet effective. The setting is just about perfect with the character placement effectively facilitating the futility in their relationships and aspirations. The Central characters in this tale are Mr. and Mrs. Das and the tour guide Mr. Kapasi. The writer through the interactions of the Das couple with their children Tina, Bobby and Ronny present to us the fact that their relationship with their children lack perfection and to a great extent seems futile as the children do not seem to obey their parents and Mr. and Mrs. Das seem more of sibling to their children than their parents as they are constantly squabbling among themselves. Mrs. Das is evidently not interested in the relationship which seems futile to her and the very fact that she describes Mr. Kapasis job as an interpreter of maladies as a romantic one leads Mr. Kapasi to fantasize about her which eventually turns out to be a futile e xercise. An aspect which does not fail to draw attention of the reader is the instance when the Das couple are engaged in an argument as to who would take Tina to the bathroom is indicative of each one desire to shun responsibility. Here, a sense of futility is existent in the parental relationship the couple share towards their children. Jhumpa has utilized the lack of communication as an aspect to present the futility of the relationship all the characters are dwelling in. Mr. Das is presented as a character always buried in his guide book while Mrs. Das hides her inner self behind her sunglasses. Mr. Kapasi is trapped in a loveless futile marriage spending lonely nights drinking tea by himself. The futility of the relationship the Das family is in is very evident in the action of Mrs Das especially when she fails to offer puffed rice which she was gorging on by herself. The element of family sharing a meal fails to be present. This action of Mrs. Das indicates indifference and an underlying sense of hostility towards her spouse and children. The relationships they share is thus understood as being a futile relationship. Mr Kapasi reveals the futility of his existence as he is working as an interpreter feels that his job is a failure as he is a scholar of many languages. The dissatisfaction he experiences in the job of an interpreter leads to a sense of futility within him. Futility is further expressed by the character when he states that the job of an interpreter was taken to pay of medical bills of his son who had contracted thyroid. His sons death made his sacrifice of sorts a futile effort. Mr. Kapasis fantasy ride commences with Mrs. Das. It becomes very evident to Mr. Kapasi that the Das Couples relationship lacks charm and harmony and is futile. He begins to fantasize about Mrs. Das when she admires his job as that of an interpreter. His fantasy leads to a peak when he and Mrs. Das are conversing while staring at the nudity depicted in the form of temple carvings. The sensuality of the situation is well created by the writer by placing her characters in a setting which is erotic leading to temptation but futile desires. He decided to begin with the most obvious question, to get to the heart of the matter, and so he asked, Is it really pain you feel, Mrs. Das, or is it guilt? This quote appears towards the end of the story where Mrs. Das reveals the fact that Bobby is the son of a friend of Mr. Das whom she was intimate with while her husband was away. Mr. Kapasi questions her about her feeling and Mr. Kapasi makes one final interpretation. Mr. Kapasi feels that Mrs. Das desires absolution and not questioning, relief and not reflection. She and Mr. Kapasi are both lonely but the fact that they have differences keeps them apart thus making the possibility of a relationship futile. Revelation leads to futility. The revelation made by Mrs Das about the legitimacy of her child to Mr. Kapasi was the blow which tarnishes the fantasy of Mr. Kapasi. For a short spell of time, Mr. Kapasi was on an imaginative trip which proved baseless and futile as he failed to accept the person who he was daydreaming about to have a scandalous past as such. The revelation of Mrs. Das proves her infidelity further shattering the image of the Das family proving the fact that the relationship is more of an arrangement than a bonding of love. The writer has aptly used setting to bring all her vital characters in the scene and weaving a storyline in a natural way facilitating the flow of human emotions at their various moment of interaction. The writer crafts every character in a natural and believable manner leading us to realize the fact that there are several relationships where people are bound together for the sake of fulfilling an arrangement commenced to fulfill a certain purpose but the lack of depth and gravity of the relationship proves the relationship to be a futile on as in the case of Mr. and Mrs. Das and their relationship, Mr. Kapasi and his profession as an interpreter and a tour guide and his fascination for Mrs. Das which later on sours as he learns about her real self. With regards to being in India, Mr. and Mrs. Das fail to connect with the country India as their home but have a tourists perspective which is very evident when Mr. Das snaps away a picture of the starving peasant instead of helping him. When Bobby is need of help when surrounded by monkeys, Mr. Das is excited about the picture he clicks instead of immediately helping the boy. This indicates a lack of understanding and connection with each other and the country they are in which they understand as being home. Thus the trip too can be safely understood as being an exercise in futility. The camera of Mr. Das is symbolically employed by the writer to present the fact that Mr. Das view the world through his camera and in not in direct touch with reality. The camera proves to be an obstruction and proves to be a futile aspect blocking Mr. Dass chance to view the real world devoid his camera. Interpreter of Maladies is a story with a setting and dialogues which may not be larger than life but is as close and real as life could be though the writer presents her work as a fictionalized account of her imagination and creativity. A Temporary Matter: In this tale, the writer in all clarity wishes to point out that lack of trust and deceit in a relationship makes the existence of that relationship futile. The futility of the relationship of Shukumar and Shoba is visible to the reader as the play the game wherein they reveal to each other their secrets. We the readers learn that the element of deception is predominant and this causes the relationship to be extremely strained and leads to a point of deterioration and a point of no return. The couple indulges in lying to each other and the lies have been with selfish motives in mind. They avoid bring in discomfort to each other and their selves by indulging in not speaking the truth. They have lied to each other, and the lies have been selfish ones-told not to spare the others feelings but to allow the person telling the lie to escape some discomfort or sacrifice. The sanctity of their marriage to a good extent is at stake and to a large extent they do not seem to care about this fac t. The sweater incident reveals to the reader that they lie about petty issues. Shukumar had returned the sweater to get some money which he could use in order to get drunk to the core. The couple drifting apart commenced after the loss of their baby and the began to care less for each other and this is revealed by the fact that they have been lying unceremoniously. They no longer connect with each other emotionally and this indicates the fading of their relationship. When Shoba displays the fact that their sorrow was on account of a deceptive game, she is following a pattern which is established. All through the week of electricity cuts, Shoba can be seen attempting to reach out Shukumar. But in truth, she is working out her final separation from Shukumar. During the same time frame, the game that seems to be putting them together also displays a past filled with lies. Matters have hardly been as they seemed between these two individuals. To add to this, readers understand early in the tale that Shoba has always been the person to plan way ahead and that she maintains a separate bank account. Readers are left to think as to whether the pattern of deception will end or increase beyond repair. The story indicates a shift decisively towards a happy finale when, on the fifth evening, the writer declares, They had survived a difficult time. Shobas silent behavior that particular evening has been disrupted as the calm after a storm. But that understanding is as misleading as Shobas pattern of conduct has been. We, the readers, like the character of Shukumar, have been given complex signals and only understand at the end which set of aspects was reliable. The stage setting adds to the realm of this tale. To depict futility of the relationship of the protagonists, the writer places the Bradford couple as neighbors Mr. and Mrs. Bradford are neighbors of Shoba and Shukumar. Shoba and Shukumar often witness them strolling by, holding arm in arm, on their path to the bookshop on the second night of the power cut or failure. The Bradfords appear to be a happily married pair and as such make provision of a contrast to the main lead pair i.e. Shoba and Shukumar. The writer specifically mentions that the Bradfords kept a card of sympathy as a goodwill gesture in Shoba and Shukumars mailbox when their baby was lost. The light and dark stage setting present a realistic scenario where the reader can identify with the inner feeling of the characters. As the primary characters have their conflicts within their selves and with each other, the lightning assists in quick identification of their inert feeling. Here the writer, I opine has very meticulously employed the element of light and darkness to reveal the thought, apprehensions and turmoil of the characters making the presentation of the entire story line noteworthy. You went to answer the telephone in the other room. It was your mother, and I figured it would be a long call. I wanted to know if youd promoted me from the margins of your newspaper. Instead of looking for clues about her future husband or finding something of earth-shattering importance, she looks to see if she is making up the little details of Shukumars life. Again, it is clear that the little things mask the greater realities. Alienation further triggers of futility of the relationship. Shoba and Shukumars grief has led them to withdraw from each other. Until the nightly power outages began, they avoided each other. Shoba leaves for work early each morning, returns late, and often brings home extra work to occupy her evenings and weekends. When Shoba is home, Shukumar retreats to his computer and pretends to work on his dissertation. He has put the computer in the room that was to be the nursery because he knows that Shoba avoids that room. She comes in briefly each evening to tell him goodnight. He resents even this brief interaction, which Shoba initiates only out of a sense of obligation. Shoba and Shukumar do not attempt to comfort or support each other. Each withdraws from the relationship, and they endure their grief as if they were two strangers living in a boardinghouse. An important aspect to be noted about this story is the fact that the writers tone in presentation of this tale of grief, tragedy and deception is in totality neutral. This neutral tone is essentially employed to by the writer as the writer, I believe desires the readers form their own individual perspectives of each character and decide who and why they wish to empathize with. This style of presentation makes provision for an unbiased formation of a point of view on the part of the reader facilitated primarily by the writer. Many a times, writer tend to shadow their narrative with their personal and judgmental opinion which I believe that the writer here has refrained from doing so making this an exemplary work of art. Mrs. Sen: Mrs. Sen, the titular character of Lahiris story demonstrates the power that physical objects have over the human experience. This aspect is employed by the writer to display a sense of futility in the thoughts and existence of the titular character. During the entire story, Mrs. Sen is preoccupied with the presence or lack of material objects that she once had. Physically though Mrs. Sen is there where she is but mentally or rather emotionally she seems to be dwelling in another world, a world of the past. Whether it is fish from her native Calcutta or her special vegetable cutting blade, she has the tendency to cling to the material possessions that she is accustomed to, while firmly rejecting new experiences such as canned fish or even something as mundane as driving a car. At home that is all you have to do. Not everybody has a telephone. But just raise your voice a bit, or express grief or joy of any kind, and one whole neighborhood and half of another has come to share the news, to help with arrangements This moment illustrates that Mrs. Sen is referring to her neighborhood at home as a much more closely-knit community than that of the area where Eliot lives. Here she uses a slightly superior attitude when referring to her culture as opposed to Eliots, which helps her remain confident about staying true to her Indian roots while she physically lives in a different place. Lack of the ability of the central character of Mrs. Sen to transcend successfully and accept her new world presents the futility of the situation. Mrs. Sen being homesick is certainly understandable given her meaningless social life, her reflective nostalgic feeling deepens the situation to such an extent that she fails to relate to the individuals she meets in America and the eventually end up as no barrier to her acclimation. The person selling fish at the market fails to immediately address her as Mrs. Sen but he surely reserves special fish for her. The man of the law does not book her but just asks her questions after her car accident does not indict her. The writer presents all characters in the story as people who make life easy for her and facilitate the process of her settling down comfortable in America. But Inspite of all this, Mrs. Sen fails to settle in to any degree, drapes herself always in saris, serving to the mother of Eliot, Indian canapà ©s and putting aside com pletely the prospect of learning to drive. By conducting her life differently through recollected tales imprinted on her her saris, and her aerograms which are grainy, Mrs. Sen deliberately stays away from any kind of assimilation through the empowerment of material objects and what they mean to her. In this tale, 11-year old Eliot commences living with Mrs. Sen a professors wife after school. Mrs. Sen who is the caretaker cuts and makes meals as she tells Elliot tales of her past life in Calcutta, thereby assisting in crafting of her identity. Like A Temporary Matter, this stale is full of lists of produce, catalogs and recipes with descriptions. Stress is placed on ingredients and the mode of preparation. Other aspects are definitely emphasized as well, such as Mrs. Sens collection of saris which are multicolored brought in by her from India. The The entire storyline rotates around Mrs. Sens customary practice of purchasing fish from a seafood market locally. This fish helps in reminding Mrs. Sen of her house back and holds great importance to her. But reaching the seafood market needs driving, a skill that Mrs. Sen has failed to learn and is not interested in learning either. Towards the finale of the story, Mrs. Sen tries to learn to drive to the market without her better h alf but this attempt leads to a car accident. Eliot soon stops living with Mrs. Sen after this. Conclusion: To conclude with, I am of the conviction that Jhumpa Lahiri, the Pulitzer prize winner for this literary work of art The Interpretation of Maladies has undoubtedly excelled in creating a work of literary expression which presents human emotion and interaction in its rawest form. This makes each story believable and close to the readers heart. She has very well employed the human emotion of sorrow in most of the stories as this I believe is one emotion which every individual can deeply identify with and relate to. Her characters such as that of Mrs. Sen, Shoba, Sukumar, Mrs Das and the others are very realistic as they are presented as ordinary humans with issues which every other individual deals with. The added aspect to this realistic presentation is the fact that her characters are primarily migrants finding it hard to get acquainted to a European culture and are being confronted with culture issues and discrimination. She has woven a beautiful story line in each story and the rea ders are drawn enigmatically into her world and her style of storytelling which is essentially different in a unique way than their contemporaries. The stage setting employed in each story differs and is highly apt to the story complementing the story and presenting the characters in a comprehensive way. The Temporary Matter, Mrs. Sen, Interpretation of Maladies etc. has stage setting which make the story realistic and not deviate the attention of the writer. This is an important aspect which can be understood in her works. The language employed by the writer to present her characters is another vital aspect. The language is simple and precise without being dramatic. More importantly the body language of the character plays vital part in communicating the essence and the feeling within the characters. Each story of hers has message or a theme which is learnt by the reader in the process of acquainting himself in her stories. Her bring out themes of deception, love, tragedy, discrimination in a manner most beautiful and subtle.

Music as Substance and Form in Grace Notes :: Grace Notes

Music as Substance and Form in Grace Notes In the novel Grace Notes by Bernard MacLaverty, Catherine's growth as an artist through the story provides both substance and form to the story. Early on in Catherine's life, she was taught and influenced by the people close to her. Miss Bingham was her first formal teacher. She taught Catherine things she seemed to have known beforehand: "Miss Bingham says it's all inside her head and all she has to do is draw it out" (99). Miss Bingham also gave Catherine her first manuscript jotter, taking her on her way to becoming a composer. Catherine's family was also a big influence. Granny Boyd taught Catherine songs they would sing in "the rounds of the kitchen" (145). In contrast to Miss Bingham and Granny Boyd, it seems as if her father wanted to have more control over her music interest. When listening to the Lambeg drums, her father called it "Sheer bloody bigotry" (258), yet Catherine thought it interesting with the complex rhythms. The strongest influences on Catherine, as with most children, come at an early age, and for Catherine this all happens in her home town. There are also outside influences on Catherine's development as an artist. Catherine first saw Huang Xiao Gang at a composition workshop at the university. Huang talked about "pre-hearing and inner hearing" (33), and other ways of thinking of music in very non-western methods. Catherine remembers the 'pre-hearing' and 'inner hearing' quite a few times later, when she has ideas about music. Catherine also learns while visiting the composer Anatoli Melnichuck in Kiev. She does not actually learn directly from Melnichuck, but learns about things when she is there. When she visits the Refectory church she hears the bells in the bell tower, making a reverberating "Tintinnabulation" (124). Catherine as well hears the monks in the church singing. The singing came without warning, "it was not sacred singing - there was a lightness to it" (125). The singing there at the Refectory church reminded her of Granny Boyd singing 'The Bell Doth Toll'. The outside influences in Catherine's life gave s ome contrast and some interesting aspects to her music. The influences and teachings in her life all come together to create Vernicle, which is played for the BBC at the end of the novel. Her music comes in two parts, like "the bilateral symmetry of a scallop shell" (273).

Footnote to Youth

Dennise Soriano BSTM 1Y2-3 INTRODUCTION Footnote to Youth By Jose Garcia Villa Dodong is seventeen years old when he wanted to marry Teang and asked for his dad’s permission. Even thought Dodong thinked twice of marrying Teang, they still got married. After nine months, Teang gave birth to their eldest son Blas. Teang really regretted getting married in an early age. Her husband doesn’t know about this. She even wondered if ever she got married to Lucio who was nine years older than Dodong. When their son, Blas turned 18, he told his father, Dodong that he would marry Tona. Dodong didn’t rejected or complain he just talk to his son that he should not be rushing to marriage and Dodong doesn’t want his son to experience and be like him at the end. BODY AND CONTENT Dodong is the main character. Teang is the wife of Dodong who regretted marrying at an early age. Lucio is Teang’s other suitor who got married after she did and who is childless now. Blas is Dodong and Teang’s eldest son who followed their footsteps in the end. Blas also contemplated to marry Tona at the age of 18. Tona is the woman whom Blass wants to marry. EXERCISE 1. Who is the protagonist in the story? 2. What is the climax in the story? 3. Does Teang really wanted to get married in an early age? 4. What kind of character does Blas portray? 5. How old did Dodong got married? 6. Who is the other suitor of Teang? 7. How old did Blas got married? 8. Who is the eldest son of Dodong and Teang? 9. What is the falling action in the story? 10. Is the narratos reliable or unreliable? Why? REFERENCE Philippine Short Story (1925-1940) Introduced by Leopoldo Y. Yabes Page108 http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_is_'Footnote_to_Youth'_the_Whole_Story_and_Characters Footnote to Youth Short story of how my brother leon brought home a wife? An Award Winning Publisher Looking for New Writers www. RaiderPublishing. com How my brother Leon brought home a wife is a short story by author Manuel E. Arguilla. Manuel E. Arguilla was well known for his short stories such as this story and many of his works were published throughout the 1940s especially. Arguilla lived between 1911 and 1944, at which point he was captured, tortured and killed by the Japanese army. The story ‘How my brother Leon brought home a wife' is perhaps the most successful and popular of Arguilla's short stories. The story is written from the point of view of a young boy called Baldo and his recollections of the night that he met his brother's wife, Maria, for the first time. The story is descriptive and eloquently written and makes you feel as though you were there yourself. The story starts with Baldo meeting Leon and Maria and how he took them on a ride home through the fields near their home on a cart pulled by their family bull. The story describes the smell, look and feel of the fields and the surrounding areas and speaks well of Maria, describing her as gentle and full of laughter. It becomes apparent that Leon is taking Maria to meet his family for the first time, and she is nervous about meeting them, his father especially. As the story continues Baldo, Leon (who is called Noel in the story as this is Maria's nickname for him, Baldo presumes that this is because Noel is Leon backwards) and Maria all arrive at the family home. The story ends with the three of them entering the father's room upstairs and they begin talking to him. If you would like to read the story yourself you can follow this link to read the story yourself. Analysis Footnote To Youth Footnote to Youth By Jose Garcia Villa 1. Explain the title. In what way is it suitable to the story? Footnote to youth is the title of the story. It is said that it is a footnote to youth because it is abrief reminder for the Filipinos especially the youth of what a real life could be today. It also indicatesthe sources or the causes why youth act this way. It furthermore adds comment, whether it is apositive or negative, on today’s generation. Yes it is suitable to the story because it gives a warningfor those apathetic youth that ones committed mistake because of their stubbornness. . What is the predominant element in the story- plot, theme, character, and setting? Explain. The predominant element on this story is the character and the setting. The setting has a greatimpact because the story definitely empathizes the situations of a Filipino person and it is appealingfor us because we are at the poverty line. The setting is most likely the same setting as today. Alsothe ch aracters, because characters had their own definite description, their conversation is differentfrom one another, and they act as unique as their personality it enhances the story even more. Theact of the characters seems to bring up the whole story. 3. Who is the single main character about whom the story centers? Explain. The story centers at the character of Dodong. Dodong is the one who represents the typicalyouth that experiencing a lot of uncertainties in life that make him realize that he sacrifice his youthjust for the sake of proving himself that he can manage his own life because he is matured enough toface this life’s challenges. 4. What sort of conflict confronts the leading character or characters? Explain. Internal conflict confronts the leading character. Internal character in a way that he wasstruggling if he can managed himself to have a family because he knows that he is in the legal agethat he can be independent and can definitely choose the right from wrong. But†¦ â€Å"Footnote to Youth† was written by Jose Garcia Villa. Story: The sun was salmon and hazy in the west. Dodong thought to himself he would tell his father about Teang when he got home, after he had unhitched the carabao from the plow, and let it to its shed and fed it. He was hesitant about saying it, but he wanted his father to know. What he had to say was of serious import as it would mark a climacteric in his life. Dodong finally decided to tell it, at a thought came to him his father might refuse to consider it. His father was silent hard-working farmer who chewed areca nut, which he had learned to do from his mother, Dodong's grandmother. I will tell it to him. I will tell it to him. The ground was broken up into many fresh wounds and fragrant with a sweetish earthy smell. Many slender soft worms emerged from the furrows and then burrowed again deeper into the soil. A short colorless worm marched blindly to Dodong's foot and crawled calmly over it. Dodong go tickled and jerked his foot, flinging the worm into the air. Dodong did not bother to look where it fell, but thought of his age, seventeen, and he said to himself he was not young any more. Dodong unhitched the carabao leisurely and gave it a healthy tap on the hip. The beast turned its head to look at him with dumb faithful eyes. Dodong gave it a slight push and the animal walked alongside him to its shed. He placed bundles of grass before it land the carabao began to eat. Dodong looked at it without interests. Dodong started homeward, thinking how he would break his news to his father. He wanted to marry, Dodong did. He was seventeen, he had pimples on his face, the down on his upper lip already was dark-these meant he was no longer a boy. He was growing into a man–he was a man. Dodong felt insolent and big at the thought of it although he was by nature low in statue. Thinking himself a man grown Dodong felt he could do anything. He walked faster, prodded by the thought of his virility. A small angled stone bled his foot, but he dismissed it cursorily. He lifted his leg and looked at the hurt toe and then went on walking. In the cool sundown he thought wild you dreams of himself and Teang. Teang, his girl. She had a small brown face and small black eyes and straightglossy hair. How desirable she was to him. She made him dream even during the day. Dodong tensed with desire and looked at the muscles of his arms. Dirty. This field work was healthy, invigorating but it begrimed you, smudged you terribly. He turned back the way he had come, then marched obliquely to a creek. Dodong stripped himself and laid his clothes, a gray undershirt and red kundiman shorts, on the grass. The he went into the water, wet his body over, and rubbed at it vigorously. He was not long in bathing, then he marched homeward again. The bath made him feel cool. It was dusk when he reached home. The petroleum lamp on the ceiling already was lighted and the low unvarnished square table was set for supper. His parents and he sat down on the floor around the table to eat. They had fried fresh-water fish, rice, bananas, and caked sugar. Dodong ate fish and rice, but didnot partake of the fruit. The bananas were overripe and when one held them they felt more fluid than solid. Dodong broke off a piece of the cakes sugar, dipped it in his glass of water and ate it. He got another piece and wanted some more, but he thought of leaving the remainder for his parents. Dodong's mother removed the dishes when they were through and went out to the batalan to wash them. She walked with slow careful steps and Dodong wanted to help her carry the dishes out, but he was tired and now felt lazy. He wished as he looked at her that he had a sister who could help his mother in the housework. He pitied her, doing all the housework alone. His father remained in the room, sucking a diseased tooth. It was paining him again, Dodong knew. Dodong had told him often and again to let the town dentist pull it out, but he was afraid, his father was. He did not tell that to Dodong, but Dodong guessed it. Afterward Dodong himself thought that if he had a decayed tooth he would be afraid to go to the dentist; he would not be any bolder than his father. Dodong said while his mother was out that he was going to marry Teang. There it was out, what he had to say, and over which he had done so much thinking. He had said it without any effort at all and without self-consciousness. Dodong felt relieved and looked at his father expectantly. A decrescent moon outside shed its feeble light into the window, graying the still black temples of his father. His father looked old now. â€Å"I am going to marry Teang,† Dodong said. His father looked at him silently and stopped sucking the broken tooth. The silence became intense and cruel, and Dodong wished his father would suck that troublous tooth again. Dodong was uncomfortable and then became angry because his father kept looking at him without uttering anything. â€Å"I will marry Teang,† Dodong repeated. â€Å"I will marry Teang. † His father kept gazing at him in inflexible silence and Dodong fidgeted on his seat. â€Å"I asked her last night to marry me and she said†¦ yes. I want your permission. I†¦ want†¦ it†¦. † There was impatient clamor in his voice, an exacting protest at this coldness, this indifference. Dodong looked at his father sourly. He cracked his knuckles one by one, and the little sounds it made broke dully the night stillness. â€Å"Must you marry, Dodong? † Dodong resented his father's questions; his father himself had married. Dodong made a quick impassioned easy in his mind about selfishness, but later he got confused. â€Å"You are very young, Dodong. † â€Å"I'm†¦ seventeen. † â€Å"That's very young to get married at. † â€Å"I†¦ I want to marry†¦ Teang's good girl. † â€Å"Tell your mother,† his father said. â€Å"You tell her, tatay. † â€Å"Dodong, you tell your inay. † â€Å"You tell her. † â€Å"All right, Dodong. † â€Å"You will let me marry Teang? â€Å"Son, if that is your wish†¦ of course†¦ † There was a strange helpless light in his father's eyes. Dodong did not read it, too absorbed was he in himself. Dodong was immensely glad he had asserted himself. He lost his resentment for his father. For a while he even felt sorry for him about the diseased tooth. Then he confined his mind to dreaming of Teang and himself. Sweet young dream†¦. Dodong stood in the sweltering noon heat, sweating profusely, so that his camiseta was damp. He was still like a tree and his thoughts were confused. His mother had told him not to leave the house, but he had left. He had wanted to get out of it without clear reason at all. He was afraid, he felt. Afraid of the house. It had seemed to cage him, to compares his thoughts with severe tyranny. Afraid also of Teang. Teang was giving birth in the house; she gave screams that chilled his blood. He did not want her to scream like that, he seemed to be rebuking him. He began to wonder madly if the process of childbirth was really painful. Some women, when they gave birth, did not cry. In a few moments he would be a father. â€Å"Father, father,† he whispered the word with awe, with strangeness. He was young, he realized now, contradicting himself of nine months comfortable†¦ â€Å"Your son,† people would soon be telling him. â€Å"Your son, Dodong. † Dodong felt tired standing. He sat down on a saw horse with his feet close together. He looked at his callused toes. Suppose he had ten children†¦ What made him think that? What was the matter with him? God! He heard his mother's voice from the house: â€Å"Come up, Dodong. It is over. † Of a sudden he felt terribly embarrassed as he looked at her. Somehow he was ashamed to his mother of his youthful paternity. It made him feel guilty, as if he had taken something no properly his. He dropped his eyes and pretended to dust dirt off his kundiman shorts. â€Å"Dodong,† his mother called again. â€Å"Dodong. † He turned to look again and this time saw his father beside his mother. â€Å"It is a boy,† his father said. He beckoned Dodong to come up. Dodong felt more embarrassed and did not move. What a moment for him. His parents' eyes seemed to pierce him through and he felt limp. He wanted to hide from them, to run away. â€Å"Dodong, you come up. You come up,† he mother said. Dodong did not want to come up and stayed in the sun. â€Å"Dodong. Dodong. † â€Å"I'll†¦ come up. † Dodong traced tremulous steps on the dry parched yard. He ascended the bamboo steps slowly. His heart pounded mercilessly in him. Within, he avoided his parents eyes. He walked ahead of them so that they should not see his face. He felt guilty and untrue. He felt like crying. His eyes smarted and his chest wanted to burst. He wanted to turn back, to go back to the yard. He wanted somebody to punish him. His father thrust his hand in his and gripped it gently. â€Å"Son,† his father said. And his mother: â€Å"Dodong†¦ † How kind were their voices. They flowed into him, making him strong. â€Å"Teang? † Dodong said. â€Å"She's sleeping. But you go in†¦ His father led him into the small sawali room. Dodong saw Teang, his girl wife, asleep on the papag with her black hair soft around her face. He did not want her to look that pale†¦ Dodong wanted to touch her, to push away that stray wisp of hair that touched her lips, but again that feeling of embarrassment came over him and before his parents he did n ot want to be demonstrative. The hilot was wrapping the child, Dodong heart it cry. The thin voice pierced him queerly. He could not control the swelling of happiness in him. You give him to me. You give him to me,† Dodong said. * * * Blas was not Dodong's child. Many more children came. For six successive years a new child came along. Dodong did not want any more children, but they came. It seemed the coming of children could not be helped. Dodong got angry with himself sometimes. Teang did not complain, but the bearing of children told on her. She was shapeless and thin now, even if she was young. There was interminable work to be done. Cooking. Laundering. The house. The children. She cried sometimes, wishing she had not married. She did not tell Dodong this, not wishing him to dislike her. Yet she wished she had not married. Not even Dodong, whom she loved. There has been another suitor, Lucio, older than Dodong by nine years, and that was why she had chosen Dodong. Young Dodong. Seventeen. Lucio had married another after her marriage to Dodong, but he was childless until now. She wondered if she had married Lucio, would she have borne him children. Maybe not either. That was a better lot. But she loved Dodong†¦ Dodong whom life had made ugly. One night, as he lay beside his wife, he roe and went out of the house. He stood in the moonlight, tired and querulous. He wanted to ask questions and somebody to answer him. He w anted to be wise about many things. One of them was why life did not fulfill all of Youth's dreams. Why it must be so. Why one was forsaken†¦ after Love. Dodong would not find the answer. Maybe the question was not to be answered. It must be so to make Youth. Youth. Youth must be dreamfully sweet. Dreamfully sweet. Dodong returned to the house humiliated by himself. He had wanted to know a little wisdom but was denied it. * * * When Blas was eighteen he came home one night very flustered and happy. It was late at night and Teang and the other children were asleep. Dodong heard Blas's steps, for he could not sleep well of nights. He watched Blas undress in the dark and lie down softly. Blas was restless on his mat and could not sleep. Dodong called him name and asked why he did not sleep. Blas said he could not sleep. â€Å"You better go to sleep. It is late,† Dodong said. Blas raised himself on his elbow and muttered something in a low fluttering voice. Dodong did not answer and tried to sleep. â€Å"Itay †¦ ,† Blas called softly. Dodong stirred and asked him what was it. â€Å"I am going to marry Tena. She accepted me tonight. † Dodong lay on the red pillow without moving. â€Å"Itay, you think it over. † Dodong lay silent. â€Å"I love Tena and†¦ I want her. † Dodong rose f ROM his mat and told Blas to follow him. They descended to the yard, where everything was still and quiet. The moonlight was cold and white. â€Å"You want to marry Tena,† Dodong said. He did not want Blas to marry yet. Blas was very young. The life that would follow marriage would be heard†¦ â€Å"Yes. † â€Å"Must you marry? † Blas's voice stilled with resentment. â€Å"I will marry Tena. † Dodong kept silent, hurt. â€Å"You have objections, Itay? † Blas asked acridly. â€Å"Son†¦ n-none†¦ † (But truly, God, I don't want Blas to marry yet†¦ not yet. I don't want Blas to marry yet†¦. But he was helpless. He could not do anything. Youth must triumph†¦ now. Love must triumph†¦ now. Afterwards†¦ it will be life. As long ago Youth and Love did triumph for Dodong†¦ and then Life. Dodong looked wistfully at his young son in the moonlight. He felt extremely sad and sorr y for him. Characters: 1. Dodong – main character of the story who got married at the age of 17 2. Teang – regretted marrying at an early age 3. Lucio – Teang's other suitor who got married after she did and who's childless until now 4. Blas – Dodong and Teang's oldest son who followed their footsteps in the end. Blas contemplated to marry Tona when he was 18 5. Tona – woman whom Blas wants to marry. Summary: Dodong wanted to marry Teang and asked his father's permission. Thinking that since they are young, their love would be short, he allowed them to get married. After nine months, Teang gave birth to a child named Blas. For six consecutive years, a new child came along. Teang did not complain even thought she secretly regretted being married at an early age. Sometimes she even wondered if she would have the same life if Lucio, her other suitor who was nine years older than Dodong, was the one she married. Lucio has had no children since the time he married. When Teang and Dodong were twenty they looked like they were fifty. When Blas was 18, he told his father that he would marry Tona. Dodong did not object, but tried to make Blas think twice before rushing to marriage – because Dodong doesn't want Blas to end up like him. *** It simply tells the story of an older person who made a mistake in the past who ended up with a not so pleasurable life. Then he had a son who is like him when he was young. His son is hasty in making the decision to get married, just like he was when he was 17. Despite this, Dodong did not – and

High Schools do not adequately prepare students for college

High Schools do not adequately prepare students for college While in high school, you are required to take basic level classes to prepare you for your upcoming adult life. High schools do not adequately prepare students for college. Too many students in classrooms leave the slower learners to fall behind. Not enough time in each class forces teachers to skip important topics. Some teachers do not motivate their students to learn.Too many students in classrooms leave the slower students to fall behind. There are not enough teachers for each class to be small, which would give them more one on one time with their students. Many students cannot keep up with the fast paced learning which leaves them to ultimately fail the class or barely pass. When I was in school, we had one teacher to approximately 35 students. There were so many of us asking questions, the teacher could never finish what he/she had planned to cover for that day.Betonwerksteinskulptur "Lehrer-Student" von Reinha...Not enough time in each class forces teachers to skip important topics. In school today, there are seven classes broken up within an eight-hour day. Teachers are forced to highlight over topics that really should be gone over thoroughly. Students do not learn enough in each class when they are only approximately one hour long. When I was in school, we had six periods. Teachers were a little more thorough with each lesson. Small details that are overlooked or deliberately skipped deprive a student of important information.Some teachers do not motivate their students. There are some teachers who sit back and let the students goof off during their classes. This not caring attitude spills over to the students. One teacher I had in school would sit with his feet propped on his desk and would hand out assignments for us to complete. The only problem...

Louis Joseph Papineau essays

Louis Joseph Papineau essays Papineau was born October 7, 1786. He was an Aristocratic Seignior of the old school who inherited from his father the seigneury of La Petite Nation (The Small Nation) on the Ottawa River. He was Speaker of the House of Assembly from 1815 to 1823 and from 1825 to 1832. With his forceful interventions in the House and his popularity as a powerful speaker, Louis-Joseph Papineau became the champion of the nationalist movement. In his youth he had great faith in British Institutions and believed that the Quebec Act was all that French Canada needed to ensure a successful development. He believed in British parliamentary democracy for the sake of what I could bring to French Canada. His goal was self-government of Quebec un the British Crown. When he reached his middle age his view points changed. He was disillusioned with the British Constitutional way. The British-based government would evade the assembly in every way possible and he saw it as a poor base and example for the French Canadian to follow. He then turned to the American way. He admired the American way to insist on independence and the fundamental rights of each individual. Papineau ambitioned a democratic republic. As leader of the Canadian Party, which later became the Patriot Party, he made an important speech in the House of Assembly on February 28, 1834, on the Ninety-two Resolutions which criticized the oligarchic system of the government. He demanded that the elected assembly could have more control over colonial revenues, and more political control as well. London responded to these requests rejecting all the demands made, causing an economic crises (especially for the Farmers which couldnt afford new products to re-farm) to flourish in Lower Canada. Their terms only swelled the discontent, and rebellion took shape. In 1836, warrants were issued for the arrest of Louis-Joseph Papineau and the other main leade ...

Working with Addicts Essays

Working with Addicts Essays Working with Addicts Essay Working with Addicts Essay Addiction social worker The Canadian government has realized the effect drug abuse has on the young population and has taken an initiative to employ social workers who assist in the rehabilitation process of the people struggling with substance abuse. The process has cost the taxpayers over $22.8 billion annually (Pearson, Janz Ali, 2013). Social workers need to be informed about the broad and varying context that surrounds the lives of people and forms the social work practice. Their work has five contexts which include that their work should be done within set boundaries in a nation, region or state. Also, the political system of the area governs how they carry out their activities, the beliefs, and culture of the individuals as well the socio-economic which involves education, health facilities and the livelihood of the people. The spiritual context is based on the human or social work practice that focuses on the ethics, philosophies, and ideals of the people the workers work with (Wilson Kolander, 2011). A structural perspective on social work refers to social workers making efforts to connect the duality of the social and personal, community and the individual and enable the social workers to have an understanding of the wide range of populations on social processes and reproduce or support social problems (Payne, 2014). Structural social work, therefore, acknowledges the function of social structures in maintaining and producing personal hardship and inequality. Structural social work externally affects the micro and macro issues, and it argues that structural forces in society such as criminal justice systems, government, and education systems are to blame for peoples problems. However, it is not correct in relation to alcohol and drug usage because most drug abusers engage in the act without influenc e from structural forces and their recovery is majorly a personal choice. Social workers deal with different groups of people as named above. One cannot, therefore, expect them to be experts in handling all groups and the task is left to the workers depending on who feel best to deal with the situation at hand best. Their major roles include motivating people to divert their problematic substance use behavior by supporting them, their carers and families and directing their behavior (Romach, Schoedel Sellers, 2014). They engage in discussions of substance abuse as part of their role in supporting the users of their services, their dependents, and families. Additionally, they support people in their attempts to maintain and make changes in the use of drugs. Role of social workers in substance abuse Discussions of the topic of substance abuse are important in social work practice. No person starts taking drugs with the intention of developing the habit that leads to addiction and affects their health. The substance users have however faced exclusion and discrimination from people in society. Working against the negativity and social injustice these people face is the role of the social workers as it is among their ethical and commitment requirements (Wilson Kolander, 2011). Social workers are skilled at building relationships and being willing to listen and not judging the individuals struggling with substance abuse. They draw on their strengths and offer them care. A social worker needs to focus on asking questions about substance use routinely to monitor the drug users progress during the treatment period. One also prepares to engage children, carers and family members to discuss how the family will offer support to the drug users (Vaughn Perron, 2014). One identifies the ra nge of effects the drugs may have on the substance abusers or people around him such as the dependents and children and find ways to explain to the drug user the problem the use of drugs is bringing to the family. The social worker on the other hand learns and fills the gaps in knowledge of substance use and the skills using continuing professional development. The social worker needs to take advanced training in particular frameworks of working with substance use to know how to handle the matters that he or she may encounter during work. They also take the initiative of working collaboratively with substance use services which include exchanging mutual knowledge on confidentiality, boundaries of care, and service models. They recognize stigma in the drug users and offer a non-judgemental practice that includes inclusionary approach and positive language (Goodman, 2013). They advanced social workers encourage the staff to reflect on the ethics of acre, risks, and attitudes relating to substance abuse and the individuals with the addiction. The experienced and advanced workers support and encourage less experienced colleagues in the engagement of handling drug abuse as part of their role. They have also shown commitment to the discussion of drug abuse and raising the issue in management and supervision roles to ensure each person taking part in social work plays his or her role to make everyones efforts successful. There are various problems that social workers encounter related to drug abuse. They encounter occasional issues linked with substance use. A drug user may not be taking alcohol or drugs every day but they occasionally indulge them, and it leads to issues in their lives. Their regular indulgent may seem normal to the users, but it eventually causes harm to them. The users have daily or frequent problems linked with substance use. It occurs when one is undergoing a range of issues linked to drug abuse and it negatively affects ones mental of physical health, their parenting ability, employment or financial status and relationship problems (Kuhar, 2012). The drug user may have also been involved in criminal acts. The other kinds of problems they may have encountered are previous issues but are not occurring currently. The person may have had an account of past issues but due to abstinence no longer encounters them. Social workers motivate the drug users to change the problematic drug a buse they face. The change model is a five-step process on how people think about an issue and later change their behavior. The first stage is pre-contemplation where no one thinks about behavior change. In the contemplation stage, the person struggling with substance abuse thinks about the issues but takes no action on the problem (Nasr Phillips, 2014). In the preparation stage, one begins to plan how he or she can make changes. In the action phase, the drug user does something to make changes. For instance, one can decide to talk to someone on the drug and alcohol use. Finally, there is the maintenance stage where the person maintains the non-problematic level of use. The social workers enable the people struggling with substance abuse identify the motivation for social change and look for strategies to sustain it (Leyton, 2016). The support and motivation involve the discussion of the people struggling with substance abuse about their addiction and continuation of post-intervention support which involves being supportive to the families affected by their loved ones addiction to substance use. The social worker assesses and identifies the use of substance including the risk to others and oneself, giving advice, onward referral and brief intervention to specialists and receiving and providing informed leadership and supervision.

Climate Change and Tax Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Climate Change and Tax Policy - Essay Example Carbon Tax is a kind of Pollution Tax purported to be applied on the energy sources which emit carbon dioxide. (Wikipedia)1 The Carbon Emission Trading on the other hand as provided by Kyoto Protocol involves the global trading of permits to emit green house gases converted in terms of Carbon dioxide. (Wikipedia) 2 Obviously there is a need to put a price on carbon to force companies to abandon older, dirtier technologies for newer, cleaner ones. Today the atmosphere is being used as municipal dump where carbon dioxide is deposited free. The New York Times (2007) 3 Once the governments start putting a monetary value on this privilege, business and industrial houses will be forced to evolve smarter ways to run their business. A carbon tax is one approach. Another is to impose a steadily decreasing cap on emissions and Several arguments are being advocated for and against each of these two forms of measures that can be undertaken by the different countries of the world. This case study ______________________________________________________________________ Carbon tax is based on the carbon content of the fuel being consumed by each entity individually. Under economic theory carbon tax represents an indirect tax on the negative externality as such tax would add up to the actual cost of production by internalizing the social cost of polluting the environment by emitting carbon dioxide and other gases. Charles Komanoff (2007)5 opines that to attack global warming, every energy-critical decision needs to be predicated on a trajectory of rising energy prices. A phased-in carbon tax allows this, whereas cap-and-trade will do little to mitigate the price roller-coaster that discourages emissions-minimizing investment. 2.1Cases for Carbon Tax: Levying a tax on the emissions will: Reduce the fossil fuel usage and substitute them by clean fuels and technology Provide a revenue steam to enable a progressive tax shifting - Carbon Tax Centre6 Carbon tax could be extended to all carbon based consumptions while trading systems may not be able to reach parts of the transportation and service sectors Transaction costs are lower in the case of carbon tax as compared to emissions trading Carbon taxes pose an effective system for the reduction of emissions as it is a permanent incentive to reduce the emissions Kevin Baumert

Robin hood case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Robin hood - Case Study Example As it is clear now, the band has begun to exceed food capacity, it means no more people will join the band and probably some of the ones within may also decide to leave. This will only weaken Robin against the Sheriff; hence, he needs a stronger economic background. It is a common say that two hands are better than one, and this is fact that works well for political agendas where tyranny of numbers is needed. Therefore, socio culturally, Robin needs to create a network of genuine supporters with whom they share similar agenda that they would want to change if given chance to. He therefore needs to create a very big band of men and consider involving everyone through reasonable agenda. Robin is in a point where he needs to treat all information with the importance that it requires. At this particular time, he needs to be at the receiving end of all the information around the area. He therefore needs to improve on the vigilance so that he is able to tap and filter all the important and relevant information for the purposes of his preparation. He therefore requires the use of technological advancement in the telecommunication sector to aim at achieving information vigilance. In a nutshell, Robin needs to know that he can only win his opposition to the Sheriff when working together with people. He requires a lot of transparency, togetherness and giving yourself out for the service of others. He also needs to be economically and politically empowered to blend his good and readiness to serve

Management Issue Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Issue Paper - Essay Example These areas of diversity bring a challenge to managers when they try to rally every employee to offer his or her best to the organization due to influence from their backgrounds. Some of the challenges that managers face includes resistance of some employees to the organizations diversity plan. Some of these employees present a challenge to the management as they try to sabotage the management efforts of ensuring that all employees relate well to each other and understand the organization’s demand. Employees’ negative attitude reduces productivity as they slow down positive change and damage moral of other employees. Secondly, communication in organizations with workforce diversity poses a challenge since there are people from different sexes, age groups among others are represented. Due to these differences, a challenge of dealing with different communication styles employees and between employees and management arises. There is also misunderstanding leading to poor of fice relations and misinterpretation of each other’s intentions. Thirdly, workplace diversity runs the risk of causing disorganization in the work place. People from the same background tend to form their own subgroups since they present the same ideas and viewpoints. This poses a challenge to the management, as they cannot rally all the employees to take a common stand through consensus building. Due to the disorganization in the workplace, the organization suffers as production is lowered when all employees and management cannot come together to champion a common course (Douglas 46). Fourthly, diversity in the workplace comes with stereotypes on how different groups of people work in the organization. Stereotyping increases stress and anxiety as the worker faced with such a challenge feels discriminated upon leading to low output levels (Konrad & Pringle 27). The main problem mangers face is coming up with strategic measure that will ensure effective management of people th rough creation of an organizational environment that attracts and retains diverse workforce by responding to changes in the demographic and social patterns in the workplace. Managers have a role to play in creating an organization that attracts workforce from diverse background while at the same time being supportive of their aspirations, promotes equality, and ambitions, (Cornelius 147). Several strategic plans can prevent crises that may come up in the organization due to the diversity of its workforce. Firstly, setting targets for diversity in the organization can help manage employees. In this regard, the management needs to come up with plan that determines the recruitment targets for various groups whether women, men, disabled, ethnic minority. Through such initiative, the organization is able to determine its progress towards workforce diversity and further practices and policies can be evaluated against the set targets (Cornelius 152). In order to manage diversity at the wor k place, managers need to create flexibility practices and policies that will ensure all employees are treated fairly in the workplace. Creating flexible time schedule ensures that all employees are available and offer their best to the organization. Other than cultural

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda Research Paper

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda - Research Paper Example The descriptive method of research is adopted. Accordingly, Creswell (1994) stated that the descriptive method of research is to gather information about the present existing condition. The emphasis is on describing rather than on judging or interpreting. The aim of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that refer to the present situation in order to elucidate it. For this study, the descriptive research method was employed in order to identify the impact of competence and sustainability in the automotive industry of Honda. This study looks at the success that Honda Corporation has had in managing social capital in its supply chain. Using self-report surveys from 120 participants at a Honda-sponsored supplier competition, researchers find that those people who participate in the quality-teams report that they are more satisfied with their work, feel that they improved the effectiveness of their company, and continue to offer suggestions to improve their supplier's o perations. Resources that are valuable especially human resources, rare, and can be exploited by the organization can produce sustained competitive advantage and earn above-average economic performance (Barney, 2001). A lot has been written about the value of people in organizations. Huselid and Becker (1997) found that a one standard deviation improvement in an organization's human resources system could increase shareholder wealth by as much as $41,000 per employee. Barney (2001) contends that successfully managing relationships can be a source of resource-based competitive advantage. But the financial crisis has crept into the auto companies and many of the giants like Honda and Toyota are facing the crisis with severe cuts in production, sales etc. Honda declared its shock withdrawal from Formula One of the global financial crisis, terminating an association which began in the 1960s. This has led to raising further fears over the sport's future (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Honda Motor president Takeo Fukui made the announcement at an emotional press conference, repeatedly apologizing to fans, staff, drivers and F1 authorities. He said 2008 is Honda's last season. The Japanese carmaker will not provide its engines to any other teams (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). "This is a complete withdrawal. The future is a blank sheet," he said. "Five years from now, I think history will show we made the right decision" (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Â  

MATH PROJECT Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MATH PROJECT - Term Paper Example In this work the cross-section of a gutter has been optimized to contain maximum water with a fixed amount (length) of the material of construction. A gutter is to be made of plastic to catch water at the edge of a roof. Naturally the manufactures would like to have a design of a gutter that hold maximum of water with a given amount of material required to fabricate the gutter. Now the problem is what should be the shape of the cross section of the gutter. This appears to be a problem of maxima and minima. Looking at the suggested cross – sections the problem reduces to minimizing the periphery of the gutter cross section for a given area of the cross-section, this is because, while the periphery is made of the construction material (here plastic) the cross-section hold the water. Let us assume that the length of material (here plastic) is ‘l’ and this is folded to make different cross – sections for the gutter with area ‘A’. Now for a given area ‘A’, the length of the material ‘L’ should be minimized or for a given length of the material ‘L’, the cross-sectional area ‘A’ should be maximum. In this analysis, four shapes will be considered – Triangular cross - section, Rectangular Cross –section, Semicircular cross – section and circular cross –

The Art of Mimes and French Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Art of Mimes and French - Research Paper Example e_map.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wordtravels.com/Travelguide/Countries/France/Map&usg=__AyHrNyof1csp7K_Auvx6wDXt0Dg=&h=511&w=475&sz=51&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=wXeKpCxy6vCMUM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfrance%2Bmap%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D963%26bih%3D519%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=235&vpy=81&dur=1562&hovh=233&hovw=216&tx=124&ty=104&ei=8MTzTOKVMIqkuAOG_eiVCg&oei=8MTzTOKVMIqkuAOG_eiVCg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0 Coastal plains are situated in the north and west of France. Alps mountain ranges cover the country from the south-east. Pyrenees ranges cover from the south-west Massif central from the south-central. French people show pride for their unique and individual national heritage. Their food and dining habits make them unique. French have invented cheese of 400 kinds. They consider wine to be their identity and an essential part of their diet. They are of good health and that is why, they always enjoy their work. They never prioritize the work above everything but just do it for enjoying life. French are found very much interested in discussing current affairs and political issues. They feel proud to be French and this is very obvious in their discussions. They proud of their long history and culture. They enjoy life. Even they work for pleasure and enjoyment. They seem to be relatively distant personalities and difficult to meet. However, they are generally polite but they do not free themselves with other people soon. It take time to build relations with French. They sometimes also seem to be rude. Specially, when discussing an issue, they want to reach to a conclusion. Their attitude at debate; making arguments and counter-arguments, may seem aggressive and ridiculous. But it is not so actually. They just want is to find the truth. One of the negative traits of French culture is criticizing. They are rarely pleased with what they have. Their criticism and dissatisfaction often lead to strikes,

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda Research Paper

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda - Research Paper Example The descriptive method of research is adopted. Accordingly, Creswell (1994) stated that the descriptive method of research is to gather information about the present existing condition. The emphasis is on describing rather than on judging or interpreting. The aim of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that refer to the present situation in order to elucidate it. For this study, the descriptive research method was employed in order to identify the impact of competence and sustainability in the automotive industry of Honda. This study looks at the success that Honda Corporation has had in managing social capital in its supply chain. Using self-report surveys from 120 participants at a Honda-sponsored supplier competition, researchers find that those people who participate in the quality-teams report that they are more satisfied with their work, feel that they improved the effectiveness of their company, and continue to offer suggestions to improve their supplier's o perations. Resources that are valuable especially human resources, rare, and can be exploited by the organization can produce sustained competitive advantage and earn above-average economic performance (Barney, 2001). A lot has been written about the value of people in organizations. Huselid and Becker (1997) found that a one standard deviation improvement in an organization's human resources system could increase shareholder wealth by as much as $41,000 per employee. Barney (2001) contends that successfully managing relationships can be a source of resource-based competitive advantage. But the financial crisis has crept into the auto companies and many of the giants like Honda and Toyota are facing the crisis with severe cuts in production, sales etc. Honda declared its shock withdrawal from Formula One of the global financial crisis, terminating an association which began in the 1960s. This has led to raising further fears over the sport's future (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Honda Motor president Takeo Fukui made the announcement at an emotional press conference, repeatedly apologizing to fans, staff, drivers and F1 authorities. He said 2008 is Honda's last season. The Japanese carmaker will not provide its engines to any other teams (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). "This is a complete withdrawal. The future is a blank sheet," he said. "Five years from now, I think history will show we made the right decision" (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Â  

The Art of Mimes and French Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Art of Mimes and French - Research Paper Example e_map.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wordtravels.com/Travelguide/Countries/France/Map&usg=__AyHrNyof1csp7K_Auvx6wDXt0Dg=&h=511&w=475&sz=51&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=wXeKpCxy6vCMUM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfrance%2Bmap%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D963%26bih%3D519%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=235&vpy=81&dur=1562&hovh=233&hovw=216&tx=124&ty=104&ei=8MTzTOKVMIqkuAOG_eiVCg&oei=8MTzTOKVMIqkuAOG_eiVCg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0 Coastal plains are situated in the north and west of France. Alps mountain ranges cover the country from the south-east. Pyrenees ranges cover from the south-west Massif central from the south-central. French people show pride for their unique and individual national heritage. Their food and dining habits make them unique. French have invented cheese of 400 kinds. They consider wine to be their identity and an essential part of their diet. They are of good health and that is why, they always enjoy their work. They never prioritize the work above everything but just do it for enjoying life. French are found very much interested in discussing current affairs and political issues. They feel proud to be French and this is very obvious in their discussions. They proud of their long history and culture. They enjoy life. Even they work for pleasure and enjoyment. They seem to be relatively distant personalities and difficult to meet. However, they are generally polite but they do not free themselves with other people soon. It take time to build relations with French. They sometimes also seem to be rude. Specially, when discussing an issue, they want to reach to a conclusion. Their attitude at debate; making arguments and counter-arguments, may seem aggressive and ridiculous. But it is not so actually. They just want is to find the truth. One of the negative traits of French culture is criticizing. They are rarely pleased with what they have. Their criticism and dissatisfaction often lead to strikes,

Importance of nutrition during the Infancy and Toddler-hood period Essay Example for Free

Importance of nutrition during the Infancy and Toddler-hood period Essay Children are a blessing from God and it is therefore important that we ensure that those bundles of joy are well taken care of. Infants are generally taken to be children from birth to around one year, and it becomes therefore important to give them utmost care since they are at their most vulnerable stage in life. This care should not only be confined to attention and love but most importantly should be the focus of what and how best to feed the infant. Scientists have expressed their belief that what we feed our infants might have drastic consequences later in life. These consequences include such conditions as diabetes and obesity and the rampant rate of obesity in developed countries might just be a reflection of the inability of parents to feed their children’s appropriately (Fallows Kingham, 2005). Doctors have stated categorically that child4ren should be fed milk only during the first six months of their lives and it should be noted that faulting this wise counsel could risk the health of these infants in the future. Breast milk contains all the vital nutrients that an infant need in order to grow and appropriate vitamins to boost his/her immune system top fend off diseases. It is important to note that while it is advisable to feed the infant using breast milk, infants could also be fed with formula as a supplement of breast milk. There are many reasons why many mothers choose to use formula to feed their babies. Some simply find out that breastfeeding does not work for them either for psychological or practical reasons. The demands of life that leads to very busy lifestyles work against the need for mothers to be with their children full time and formula simply happens to be a better alternative. However, there are still those who express their breast milk in feeding bottles and the milk is fed to the infant by someone else who is available to care for the toddler (Ward, 2009). Infants usually need to feed eight to twelve times in a day since they are growing rapidly and the proteins inside the milk are a vital component for this growth. For those with infants who sleep a lot, it is advisable to wake them regularly in order to feed the since failure to do so might hamper their growth. It is also recommended that parents take their babies to the clinic to have them weighed and observed to ensure that they are growing in a healthy manner and acquire vital information about how best to take care of their babies. There are signs to observe during the sixth month to signify that the infant is ready to start being weaned. This include such period when the baby can sit up, baby does not reject the food put in its mouth, can pick up food stuffs and stuff it into the mouth and an increased appetite for milk. Babies should be weaned slowly with a meal per day and it is important to continue breast feeding at least till one year. Some of the food which one can feed and infant include cereals, soft fruits, rice and vegetables that can be crushed. However, around 10 months infants are ready to be introduced to adult foods but such a transition should be handled with utmost care. As the baby becomes a toddler a period which lasts from between 12 months to 24 months, his food needs increases. During this period the toddler starts to walk and he requires increased proteins for growth and energy foods to sustain his activities. At this period toddlers may change their eating habits due to changes in growth patterns. Moreover, toddlers become choosy when it comes to certain foods and it is nothing to do with illness. Again, parents needs top be careful about the food they feed the infants and toddlers since some of them might be allergic and impair the health of this babies. They should therefore make a point of seeking information diligently about how best to feed their children (Papalia, Wendkos Duskin, 2007). References Fallows,C. Karen Kingham, K. (2005). Baby Toddler Food. Murdoch books. Papalia, D. , Wendkos S. Duskin, R. (2007). A Child’s World: Infancy through Adolescence:11th Ed. McGraw-Hill Ward, E. (2009). What to Feed Your Baby and Toddler. Retrieved May 17, 2009 from http://children. webmd. com/guide/what-to-feed-your-baby-toddler.

Democracy Of Goods In Contemporary Consumer Culture Media Essay

Democracy Of Goods In Contemporary Consumer Culture Media Essay The term democracy was defined as equal access to consumer products and by depicting the everyday functioning of that democracy with regard to one product at a time, these tableaux offered Americans an inviting vision of their society as an incontestable equality According to Onufrijchuk in Leiss et al 1997: 50 the course of the 20th century has seen a dramatic and sustained rise in the real income and purchasing power of the average person in western societies, where most people have access to a huge and constantly changing array of goods this may rely on the fact why Marchand argued the fact that the 20th century allowed for equal access to goods because individuals for example the working class individual in society were continually earning more, and what better way to spend the extra money they have than to buy products that the upper class would usually use, thus, they can then believe that they are having shared experience with the upper classs taste, whereas the upper class are getting furious because they have to continually look for ways in other to differentiate themselves from the other classes. Bourdieu in Gronow (1997: 11) argued that the taste of the ruling class is always the legitimate taste of a society, but in his own opinio n, this legitimate taste is not genuine good taste: in fact there could be no possible genuine good taste. He went on to argue that legitimate taste pretends to be the universally valid and disinterested good taste, whereas in reality it is nothing more than the taste of one particular class, the ruling class. The term Trigg 2001 calls trickle down, leap-frog and trickle down. Taste would be considered later on in the essay in relation to democracy of goods. This could be said as to why Marchand suggested that the early 20th century advertising offered access to goods and a vision of society of incontestable. Schudson 1986: 180-181 illustrates better as he argued that there was a new sense of scarcity of time, accelerated by the increasingly large array of choices available to people. There was more choice, or a sense of more choice, in part because the newspapers, movies, and radio bought to people a strong sense of other social worlds, and other possibilities. The advances in mass production methods made goods and luxuries unheard of a generation before potentially available to a large number of people. In the supermarket there were more product categories, and within these more brands to choose from. The different media outlets made people think or feel that they had many choices and that they could experience the world of the upper class just by buying certain products to make them blend in to the crowd of the upper class. With the i ncrease of mass production of products, it made it possible for the working class to have the shared experience and for the fact that there was an increase in mass product, goods were produced cheaper. Hence, Marchand 1985: 218 arguing that there were no discrepancies in wealth could prevent the humblest citizen, provided they chose their purchases wisely, from retiring to setting in which they could contemplate their essential equality, through possession of an identical productGIVE AN EXAMPLE LATER This can be said to be what is happening in our current contemporary society The advertising parables offered comfortable rather than distasteful truths. They usually sought to persuade more through insinuation than confrontation, and sought unthinking assent rather than active thought or new insight. They encouraged readers to assimilate the product into their present lives in order to force them to a decision to live by a different logic. Marchand 1985: 207. Advertising products makes the audience feel like they need to purchase certain products and that if they do not acquire the products, they cannot be satisfied in their lives, Marchand 1985: 207. The parables of advertising promised reads no insurmountable limitations and offered a reality easily within the reach of their hearts desires provide any one with the ultimate satisfaction (ibid: 218) GIVE AN EXAMPLE LATER) According to Marchand 1985: 217-218 Democracy of goods is the wonders of modern mass production and distribution enabled every person to enjoy the societys most significant pleasure, convenience, or benefit. The definition of the particular benefit fluctuated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the cumulative effect of the constant reminders that any woman can and every home can afford was to publicize an image of American society in which concentrated wealth at the top of a hierarchy of social classes restricted no familys opportunity to acquire the most significant products. Daniel Boorstin in Schudson 1886: 181 stated that there was democratization of good. Products that once held some kind of uniqueness to them by being available only at certain times of the year or only certain parts of the country were increasing available all year-round and throughout the country, thanks to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ other technological and other social developments. Not only the means of production but the modes of became a continuous process' Boorstin argued that products became democratized in three ways. Firstly, they became more standard as they come to be produced for the mass audience. They are easier to handle, easier to do it yourself without great skill on the part of the user; both a mediocre cook and a great cook make equally good cakes from a cake mix à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ standard products and standard situations for shopping make it easier for the unskilled consumer to avoid embarrassment and to become equal to the adept consumer. Secondly, products become not only more standard but milder and easier to use. They become convenient à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Convenience is an attribute that has much to do the social uses and social meaning of a product as with its engineering. The more convenient a good, the more it is equally available for the use if men and women, adults and children à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Thirdly, there is democratization when goods are consumed in increasingly public ways. To liberate from society, we ought and must was not for Marcuse a problem. What the problem the problem specific to society which delivers the goods was that for liberation there was no mass basis few people wished to be liberated, een fewer were willing to act on that wish, and virtually no one was quite sure in what way the liberation from society might differ from the state they were already in Bauman 2000: 16 One such issue was the possibility that what feels like freedom is not in fact freedom at all; that people may be satisfied with their lot even though that lot were far from being objectively satisfactory; that, living in slavery, they feel free and so experience no urge to liberate themselves, thus forsaking or forfeiting the chance of being genuinely free Bauman 2000: 17 is liberation a blessing, or a curse? A curse disguised as blessing, a blessing feared as curse? Bauman 2000: 18. other popular addresses for similar complaints have been the embourgeoisement of the underdog (the substitution of having for being, and being for acting, as the uppermost values) Bauman 2000: 19. However Gronow 1997: 9 argued that taste was an ideal means on making social distinctions. Any parvenu who tried to act as a gentleman could always be put in his proper place by letting him know through small gestures that even though he thinks he is acquainted with the right etiquette, he still does not master the requirements of good taste. This can us be used as a criticism in relation to democracy of good in the sense that even though there was mass production of goods, the working class were not accepted even though they tried fitting in, into the upper class. Thus it can be argued that the democracy of goods created an illusion of democracy, as it made working class ind ividuals Boorstin 1993 and others have suggested that mass consumption created democracy of goods. Schudsons account is somewhat different. Yes, goods became more uniformly available, more standardized, more convenient, and more likely to be consumed in public ways. Yet, although the goods displayed in a department store are in theory available to everyone, in practice they are available only ot those with the resources to make the purchase. Schudsons analysis reminds us that the displays of mass consumption creates a democratization of desire and envy (1984 pp 181, 151) Advertising reached its modern form around 1900 rather than simply describing products technical virtues, ads increasingly addressed consumers deeper concerns. Instead of extolling the cleaning powder of a particular soap, for example, the new ads emphasized the social embarrassment of body odor or the sex appeal of the skin (Fischer 2010: 65) The parable of the democracy of goods always remained implicit in its negative counterpart. It assured readers that they could be as healthy, as charming, as free from social offense as the very nicest (richest) people, simply by using a product that any one could afford (219) The parable emphasized the affordability of the product to families of modest income while attempting to maintain a class image of the products the preferred choice of their social better (221) The most attractive aspect of the parable to advertisers was that it preached the coming of an equalizing democracy without sacrificing those fascinating contrast of social condition that had long been the touchstone of high drama (221) They dressed up Americans wealthy as dazzling aristocrats, and then reassured readers that they could easily enjoy an essential equality with such elites in the things that really mattered GIVE AN EXAMPLE CHERYL COLE ADVERTISEMENT (she worked her way up, the general working class public could identify with her background and where she has come from. Thus suggesting that if they work really hard they could get to where they want be and be what they want in society

Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers

Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize. Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize.